Mesir Paste of Manisa

Mesir Macunu

Mesir paste festival in ManisaMesir paste tradition (Mesir Macunu in Turkish) is a very old tradition in the history of Manisa, an Anatolian city in the Aegean region, dating back to almost 500 years. Mesir paste was started as a medicine invention during the Ottoman period but later on it became an important part of local festivity in this city.

According to the story about the origins of Mesir paste; Ayse Hafsa Sultan, who became the wife of Yavuz Sultan Selim and the mother of Suleyman the Magnificent after her placement from Crimea to the Ottoman Harem in the 16th century, became very ill after the dead of her husband. Unfortunately, doctors couldn't find a cure thus Sultan Suleyman consulted Merkez Muslihiddin Efendi, the head of the theological school belonging to the Yavuz Selim Mosque. He was already making medicines using herbs and spices for the sick people and built a small sort of hospital next to the school. After receiving Suleyman's letter regarding his ill mother, he mixed 41 different types of plants and spices together to form a medicinal paste and sent it to the palace.

When Hafsa Sultan ate this paste, she was recovered and wanted to share this miraculous medicine with others. As requests from the people increased, the Sultan told Merkez Efendi to distribute the paste to the people every year in a form of festivity. For this, 21st of March was selected because it symbolized the beginning of Spring, and the tops of the Sultan Mosque's domes and minarets were chosen for its location. The Mesir Celebration began this way in around 1527-1528. Since then, every year on or around March 21st, which is known as Spring festival Newroz, thousands of people gather in front of the Sultan Mosque to catch the Mesir Paste wrapped in paper and thrown from mosques rooftop. But some years there might be exceptions to the festival date; it can be postponed to mid or end of April due to various reasons such as elections or milder weather conditions, and so on. In 2019, the 479th edition was celebrated between 23-28 April.

In 2012, Manisa's Mesir Paste has entered into the UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

Below is a list of spices and herbs used in making the Mesir Paste, along with their Turkish and Latin names:

  • Allspice (Yeni bahar) (Pimenta dioica)
  • Alpina officinarum root (Havlican koku) (Alpina officinarium)
  • Anise (Anason) (Anisum vulgare)
  • Black cumin (Corek otu) (Nigella sativa)
  • Black myrobalan (Kara halile) (Terminalia nigra)
  • Black pepper (Karabiber) (Piper nigrum)
  • Buckthorn (Topalak or Akdiken) (Nerprun alaterne)
  • Cardamon (Kakule) (Elettaria cardamomum)
  • Cassia (Hiyarsenbe) (Cassia)
  • Chebulic myrobalan (Kara halile) (Terminalia chebula)
  • China root (Cop-i cini) (Smilax china)
  • Cinnamon (Tarcin) (Cinnamomum verum)
  • Cloves (Karanfil) (Syzygium aromaticum)
  • Coconut (Hindistan cevizi) (Cocos nucifera)
  • Coriander (Kisnis) (Coriandum sativum)
  • Cubeb (Kebabe) (Cubebae fructus)
  • Cumin (Kimyon) (Cuminum cyminum)
  • Dried orange blossom (Portakal cicegi)
  • Fennel (Rezene) (Foeniculum vulgare)
  • Galingale (Havlican) (Alpinia officinarum)
  • Ginger (Zencefil) (Zingibar officinalis)
  • Iksir sugar (Iksir sekeri)
  • India blossom (Hindistan cicegi)
  • Java pepper (Kuyruklu biber) (Piper cubeba)
  • Licorice extract (Meyan bali) (Glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch)
  • Licorice root (Meyan koku) (Glycyrrhiza glabra)
  • Mastic (Cam sakizi) (Mastichum)
  • Millet (Hintdarisi) (Pennisetum glaucum)
  • Myrrh (Murrusafi) (Commiphora Molmol)
  • Muskroot (Sumbul) (Adoxa moschatellina)
  • Mustard seed (Hardal tohumu) (Brassica nigra)
  • Orange peel (Portakal kabugu)
  • Rhubarb (Ravend) (Rheum Palmatum)
  • Saffron (Safran) (Crocus Orientalis)
  • Citric acid (Limon tuzu)
  • Senna (Sinameki) (Cassia senna)
  • Turmeric (Zerdecal) (Curcuma domestica)
  • Udulkahr (Udulkahir)
  • Vanilla (Vanilya) (Vanilla planifolia)
  • Woad (Civit) (Isatis)
  • Yellow myrobalan (Sari halile) (Fructus myrobalani)